The mainstream touchscreen technologies are the Resistive touchscreen and Capacitive touchscreen. The former is used in budget touchscreen devices and the latter in high-end devices, but slowly capacitive touchscreen is making its way into the budget segment with quite a few mobile phones in the market already using this touch technology. So what exactly is Capacitive or Resistive touchscreen???
Resistive touchscreen uses two or more layers of thin sheets coated with resistive material separated by an air gap. When a contact is made with the upper screen, it makes contact at that point with the lower screen and using horizontal and vertical coordinates, the exact position of the contact is calculated and the related function is performed. This type of touchscreen requires the use of a stylus or a pointed object to be worked with efficiently. The biggest drawback of this type of touchscreen is that multi-touch input is either impossible or very hard to implement. Moreover, the user has to apply at least some kind of pressure to register its touch on this screen.
Capacitive Touchscreens use a different type of technology. The panel of these screens is made up of an insulator(glass) and is coated with a conductor(Indium Tin Oxide). As the human body is a conductor of electricity, a touch on the panel disturbs its electrostatic field and using a positioning method the exact location of the touch is calculated. These touchscreens are very sensitive and merely touching the surface results in the registration of the touch. These type of touchscreens can be used to implement multi-touch gestures. However, the major drawback is that the screen needs to be touched using bare skin only so, one cannot operate it while wearing gloves on a chilly day.
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